Abstract—Alternative fuels, known as non-conventional or advanced fuels, are any materials or substances that can be used as fuels, other than conventional fuels. Conventional fuels include: fossil fuels (petroleum (oil), coal, propane, and natural gas), as well as nuclear materials such as uranium and thorium, as well as artificial radioisotope fuels that are made in nuclear reactors, and store their energy. Some well-known alternative fuels include biodiesel, bio alcohol (methanol, ethanol, and butanol). Biodiesel is a safe alternative fuel to replace traditional petroleum diesel. It has high-lubricity, is a clean-burning fuel and can be a fuel component for use in existing, unmodified diesel engines. Biodiesel acts like petroleum diesel, but produces less air pollution, comes from renewable sources, is biodegradable and is safer for the environment. Producing biodiesel fuels can help create local economic revitalization and local environmental benefits. Biodiesel fuel is made from oils or fats, which are both hydrocarbons, most commonly soybean oil. These hydrocarbons are filtered, and then mixed with an alcohol, which is usually methanol, and a catalyst (sodium or potassium hydroxide). Alcohol has been used as a fuel throughout history. The first four aliphatic alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propane, and butane) are of interest as fuels because they can be synthesized chemically or biologically, and they have characteristics which allow them to be used in current engines. One advantage shared by all four alcohols is their high octane rating. The process of preparing the biodiesel from soya beans and ethanol in different composition like B5 (5% of soybean or ethanol +95% of diesel) and B10 (10% of soya bean or ethanol +95% of diesel) The final product is a petrochemical fuel that will burn in most diesel engines with no modification Biodiesel is environmentally friendly. It can help reduce dependency on foreign oil. It helps to lubricate the engine itself, decreasing engine wear. The volumetric efficiency, specific fuel consumption, heat carried by exhaust emissions and brake power of biodiesel is better than pure diesel. Of all samples blend B10 of soya bean is most desirable.

Index Terms—Alternative fuels, Biodiesel, B5, B10 samples

Cite: Shaik Himam Saheb, "Performance Test on Diesel Engine Using Alternative Fuels like B5 and B10," International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 105-116, January 2015.